Background
Mandibular distraction is a treatment option for correction of mandibular hypoplasia in patients with micrognathia. Patients may require tracheostomy as a result significant airway obstruction from retropositioned tongue. The main aim of mandibular distraction is for tracheostomy decannulation in the long term. We highlight the surgical techniques, post operative outcomes and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to post-operative care.
Methods
A retrospective review of patients who underwent a mandibular distraction using internal mandibular distractors were gathered over a ten year period. Seven patients were identified and clinical notes were reviewed to determine post operative outcomes and decannulation rates.
Results
All seven patients identified had moderate to severe retrognathia. Two patients had Treacher Collins syndrome and one had Pierre Robin sequence. Out of the seven patients, five had successful decannulation following surgery and two are awaiting decannulation next year. Two patients were noted to have a cross bite post operatively. No patients required further distractions.
Conclusion
Mandibular distraction using internal distractors is an effective surgical option for tracheostomy decannulation in patients with mandibular hypoplasia.